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Cerrar Conjugation, Usage, and Examples
Spanish
- Grammar
- Pronunciation
- Vocabulary
- Writing Skills
By
Jocelly Meiners
Jocelly Meiners
Professor of Hispanic Linguistics
- Ph.D., Hispanic Linguistics, University of Texas at Austin
- M.A., French Linguistics, University of Texas at Austin
- B.A., French and Astronomy, University of Texas at Austin
Dr. Jocelly Meiners has taught language courses at the University of Texas at Austin since 2008. She holds a Ph.D. in Hispanic linguistics and an M.A. in French linguistics.
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Updated on November 04, 2019
The Spanish verb cerrarmeans to closeor shut something. Itis an-arverb, so it follows thesame conjugation pattern as other -arverbs, like cortar and cenar. However,cerraris a stem-changing verb, which means that the e in the stem changes to ie when it falls on a stressed syllable.In this article you can find cerrar conjugations in the present, past and future indicative, the present and past subjunctive, the imperative, and other verb forms like the past and present participles.
Using the Verb Cerrar
In Spanish, cerrarcan be used in most contexts when you would say "to close" or "to shut" in English. For example, cerrar la puerta(to close the door), cerrar la tienda(to close the store),cerrar las cortinas(to close the curtains), cerrar la herida(to close the wound), or cerrar el evento(to close or end the event). However, cerrarhas a few other uses, such as cerrar el tubo oel agua(to turn off the faucet or the water), orcerrar el puño(to make a fist or clench your fist).
Cerrar Present Indicative
In the present indicative, be careful with the stem change e to ie, which occurs in all the conjugations except nosotrosand vosotros.
Yo | cierro | I close | Yo cierro las ventanas del carro. |
Tú | cierras | You close | Tú cierras las cortinas por la noche. |
Usted/él/ella | cierra | You/he/she closes | Ella cierra el evento con un discurso. |
Nosotros | cerramos | We close | Nosotros cerramos el restaurante muy tarde. |
Vosotros | cerráis | You close | Vosotros cerráis el tubo para no gastar agua. |
Ustedes/ellos/ellas | cierran | You/they close | Ellos cierran el libro al terminar la clase. |
Cerrar PreteriteIndicative
Thepreteritetense can be translated as the simple past in English, andis used to talk about completed actionsin the past. Notice that the present and preterite indicative forms of cerrar for nosotrosare bothcerramos.Context is necessary to determine whether that verb refers to the present or the past. There is no stem change in the preteritetense.
Yo | cerré | I closed | Yo cerré las ventanas del carro. |
Tú | cerraste | You closed | Tú cerraste las cortinas por la noche. |
Usted/él/ella | cerró | You/he/she closed | Ella cerró el evento con un discurso. |
Nosotros | cerramos | We closed | Nosotros cerramos el restaurante muy tarde. |
Vosotros | cerrasteis | You closed | Vosotros cerrasteis el tubo para no gastar agua. |
Ustedes/ellos/ellas | cerraron | You/they closed | Ellos cerraron el libro al terminar la clase. |
Cerrar ImperfectIndicative
There is no stem change in theimperfect tense either, which can be translated to English as "was closing" or "used to close,"and is used to talk about ongoing or habitual actions in the past.
Yo | cerraba | I used to close | Yo cerraba las ventanas del carro. |
Tú | cerrabas | You used to close | Tú cerrabas las cortinas por la noche. |
Usted/él/ella | cerraba | You/he/she used to close | Ella cerraba el evento con un discurso. |
Nosotros | cerrábamos | We used to close | Nosotros cerrábamos el restaurante muy tarde. |
Vosotros | cerrabais | You used to close | Vosotros cerrabais el tubo para no gastar agua. |
Ustedes/ellos/ellas | cerraban | You/they used to close | Ellos cerraban el libro al terminar la clase. |
Cerrar FutureIndicative
Since the future indicative is conjugated by starting with the infinitive form (cerrar) and then adding the future tense endings, there is no stem change for this tense either.
Yo | cerraré | I will close | Yo cerraré las ventanas del carro. |
Tú | cerrarás | You will close | Tú cerrarás las cortinas por la noche. |
Usted/él/ella | cerrará | You/he/she will close | Ella cerrará el evento con un discurso. |
Nosotros | cerraremos | We will close | Nosotros cerraremos el restaurante muy tarde. |
Vosotros | cerraréis | You will close | Vosotros cerraréis el tubo para no gastar agua. |
Ustedes/ellos/ellas | cerrarán | You/they will close | Ellos cerrarán el libro al terminar la clase. |
Cerrar Periphrastic FutureIndicative
There are three components that form the periphrastic future: the present tense conjugation of theverbir(to go), the prepositionaand the infinitive of the verb (cerrar).
Yo | voy a cerrar | I am going to close | Yo voy a cerrar las ventanas del carro. |
Tú | vas a cerrar | You are going to close | Tú vas a cerrar las cortinas por la noche. |
Usted/él/ella | va a cerrar | You/he/she is going to close | Ella va a cerrar el evento con un discurso. |
Nosotros | vamos a cerrar | We are going to close | Nosotros vamos a cerrar el restaurante muy tarde. |
Vosotros | vais a cerrar | You are going to close | Vosotros vais a cerrar el tubo para no gastar agua. |
Ustedes/ellos/ellas | van a cerrar | You/they are going to close | Ellos van a cerrar el libro al terminar la clase. |
CerrarPresent Progressive/Gerund Form
The present participle (gerundioin Spanish) can beused to form progressive forms like the present progressive.
Present Progressive of Cerrar
está cerrando is closing
Ella está cerrandoel evento con un discurso.
Cerrar Past Participle
The past participle can be used to form compound tenses such as thepresent perfect, or it can be used as an adjective, as in La puerta está cerrada(The door is closed). Compound tenses include the verbhaberas an auxiliary verb.
Present Perfect of Cerrar
ha cerrado has closed
Ella ha cerradoel evento con un discurso.
Cerrar ConditionalIndicative
The conditional tense is commonly used to talk about possibilities or hypothetical situations, and can be translated to English as "would + verb."It is formed similarly to the future tense (starting with the infinitive form), so there is no stem change in this conjugation either.
Yo | cerraría | I would close | Yo cerraría las ventanas del carro si hiciera frío. |
Tú | cerrarías | You would close | Tú cerrarías las cortinas por la noche si quisieras dormir mejor. |
Usted/él/ella | cerraría | You/he/she would close | Ella cerraría el evento con un discurso si le dieran la oportunidad. |
Nosotros | cerraríamos | We would close | Nosotros cerraríamos el restaurante más tarde, pero se terminó la comida. |
Vosotros | cerraríais | You would close | Vosotros cerraríais el tubo para no gastar agua, pero los platos aún están sucios. |
Ustedes/ellos/ellas | cerrarían | You/they would close | Ellos cerrarían el libro al terminar la clase, pero quieren seguir leyendo. |
Cerrar Present Subjunctive
In the present subjunctive you have to be careful with the stem change e to ie, which occurs in all of the conjugations exceptnosotrosandvosotros,just like in the present indicative.
Que yo | cierre | That I close | El chofer pide que yo cierre las ventanas del carro. |
Que tú | cierres | That you close | Tu esposo quiere que tú cierres las cortinas por la noche. |
Que usted/él/ella | cierre | That you/he/she close | El jefe espera que ella cierre el evento con un discurso. |
Que nosotros | cerremos | That we close | Los clientes quieren que nosotros cerremos el restaurante más tarde. |
Que vosotros | cerréis | That you close | Mamá pide que vosotros cerréis el tubo para no gastar agua. |
Que ustedes/ellos/ellas | cierren | That you/they close | La profesora pide que ellos cierren el libro al terminar la clase. |
Cerrar ImperfectSubjunctive
There are two possible ways ofconjugating the imperfect subjunctive (which is also called the past subjunctive). Both options are correct, and neither one includes a stem change.
Option 1
Que yo | cerrara | That I closed | El chofer pedía que yo cerrara las ventanas del carro. |
Que tú | cerraras | That you closed | Tu esposo quería que tú cerraras las cortinas por la noche. |
Que usted/él/ella | cerrara | That you/he/she closed | El jefe esperaba que ella cerrara el evento con un discurso. |
Que nosotros | cerráramos | That we closed | Los clientes querían que nosotros cerráramos el restaurante más tarde. |
Que vosotros | cerrarais | That you closed | Mamá pedía que vosotros cerrarais el tubo para no gastar agua. |
Que ustedes/ellos/ellas | cerraran | That you/they closed | La profesora pedía que ellos cerraran el libro al terminar la clase. |
Option 2
Que yo | cerrase | That I closed | El chofer pedía que yo cerrase las ventanas del carro. |
Que tú | cerrases | That you closed | Tu esposo quería que tú cerrases las cortinas por la noche. |
Que usted/él/ella | cerrase | That you/he/she closed | El jefe esperaba que ella cerrase el evento con un discurso. |
Que nosotros | cerrásemos | That we closed | Los clientes querían que nosotros cerrásemos el restaurante más tarde. |
Que vosotros | cerraseis | That you closed | Mamá pedía que vosotros cerraseis el tubo para no gastar agua. |
Que ustedes/ellos/ellas | cerrasen | That you/they closed | La profesora pedía que ellos cerrasen el libro al terminar la clase. |
Cerrar Imperative
The imperative mood is used to give direct orders or commands. Below you can find the positive and negative commands. Notice the stem change in thetú, usted,andustedesforms.
Positive Commands
Tú | cierra | Close! | ¡Cierra las cortinas por la noche! |
Usted | cierre | Close! | ¡Cierre el evento con un discurso! |
Nosotros | cerremos | Let's close! | ¡Cerremos el restaurante más tarde! |
Vosotros | cerrad | Close! | ¡Cerrad el tubo para no gastar agua! |
Ustedes | cierren | Close! | ¡Cierren el libro al terminar la clase! |
Negative Commands
Tú | no cierres | Don't close! | ¡No cierres las cortinas por la noche! |
Usted | no cierre | Don't close! | ¡No cierre el evento con un discurso! |
Nosotros | no cerremos | Let's not close! | ¡No cerremos el restaurante más tarde! |
Vosotros | no cerréis | Don't close! | ¡No cerréis el tubo para no gastar agua! |
Ustedes | no cierren | Don't close! | ¡No cierren el libro al terminar la clase! |
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Meiners, Jocelly. "Spanish Verb Cerrar Conjugation." ThoughtCo, Aug. 28, 2020, thoughtco.com/cerrar-conjugation-in-spanish-4584222.Meiners, Jocelly. (2020, August 28). Spanish Verb Cerrar Conjugation. Retrieved from https://www.thoughtco.com/cerrar-conjugation-in-spanish-4584222Meiners, Jocelly. "Spanish Verb Cerrar Conjugation." ThoughtCo. https://www.thoughtco.com/cerrar-conjugation-in-spanish-4584222 (accessed January 31, 2023).
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